摘要
为科学量化不同露天开采工艺的碳排放强度,明确其碳排放差异,以支撑露天煤矿的低碳化工艺选择。基于生命周期评价(LCA)方法,识别了露天煤矿不同开采工艺全生命周期内碳排放源,并以各生产环节为研究对象,采用方差分析法,系统分析了单斗卡车间断工艺、单斗卡车半移动破碎站半连续工艺、轮斗连续工艺、单斗自移式破碎机半连续工艺和抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺等5种开采工艺的碳排放强度特征。研究结果表明:5种开采工艺的碳排放强度差异显著,各工艺的碳排放量由大到小依次为单斗卡车间断工艺、单斗卡车半移动破碎站半连续工艺(约等于单斗卡车自移式破碎机半连续工艺)、轮斗连续工艺、抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺;运输排弃环节为多数工艺碳排放的核心排放源,碳排放占比47.06%~87.49%,在碳排放源构成方面,单斗卡车间断工艺主要为柴油消耗,占比82.55%~87.49%,单斗卡车半移动破碎站半连续工艺主要为电能消耗,占比42.41%~69.47%;对开采工艺进行综合优化配置可显著降低碳放,单斗卡车半移动破碎站半连续工艺采用大带宽输送系统碳排放可降低12%~15%,单斗卡车工艺运输环节设备大型化可使碳排放强度降低18%,设备“以电代油”可使碳排放强度降低80%。
This study aims to scientifically quantify the carbon emission intensity of various open-pit mining techniques and clarify their differences in carbon emissions,and thereby support the selection of low-carbon alternatives in open-pit coal mining.Based on the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)method,carbon emission sources across the full life cycle of different open-pit coal mining techniques were identified.Taking each production stage as the research subject,Analysis of Variance(ANOVA)was systematically employed to analyze the carbon emission intensity characteristics of five mining techniques:the single-bucket truck discontinuous process,the single-bucket truck semi-mobile crushing station semi-continuous process,the bucket-wheel continuous process,the single-bucket self-moving crusher semi-continuous process,and the cast blasting-dragline stripping process.The research results indicate that the carbon emission intensities of the five mining techniques differ significantly.The carbon emissions of these techniques,in descending order from highest to lowest,are:the single-bucket truck discontinuous process,the single-bucket truck semi-mobile crushing station semi-continuous process(approximately equal to the single-bucket self-moving crusher semi-continuous process),the bucket-wheel continuous process,and the cast blasting-dragline stripping process.The transportation and disposal stage is the core emission source for most mining techniques,accounting for 47.06%to 87.49%of total carbon emissions.In terms of carbon emission composition,the single-bucket truck discontinuous process is primarily driven by diesel consumption,accounting for 82.55%to 87.49%,while the single-bucket truck semi-mobile crushing station semi-continuous process is mainly driven by electricity consumption,accounting for 42.41%to 69.47%.Comprehensive optimization and configuration of mining techniques can significantly reduce carbon emissions.For the single-bucket truck semi-mobile crushing station semi-continuous process,adopting a large-bandwidth conveyor system can lower carbon emissions by 12%to 15%.For the single-bucket truck process,scaling up equipment in the transportation stage can reduce carbon emission intensity by 18%,while replacing diesel-powered equipment with electric-powered alternatives can cut carbon emission intensity by 80%.
作者
王忠鑫
盛世博
刘文坊
郭强
张恺
WANG Zhongxin;SHENG Shibo;LIU Wenfang;GUO Qiang;ZHANG Kai(National Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Ecological Environment Protection in Open-Pit Coal Mines,Shenyang 110015,China;CCTEG Shenyang Engineering Company,Shenyang 110015,China)
出处
《矿业安全与环保》
2025年第6期79-87,共9页
Mining Safety & Environmental Protection
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1306001)。
关键词
露天煤矿
开采工艺
碳排放
双碳
低碳化
路径设计
open-pit coal mine
mining process
carbon emission
carbon peak and carbon neutrality
decarbonization
pathway design
