摘要
【目的】对比不同形态丁坝结构在复杂水文条件下的适应性与水力性能。【方法】首先,基于三维数值模拟方法,采用计算流体动力学技术构建三维流场模型,在相同来流条件与边界约束下对不同丁坝结构进行了模拟研究。然后,通过对比分析不同丁坝形式对丁坝周围水流速度分布、坝头涡量及动压特征的影响,重点考察流速场分布特征、坝头区域涡量强度、动压分布规律及近坝流场的稳定性。最后,通过对比不同丁坝形态在相同工况下的水动力响应,分析各结构形式对局部流态结构的调控作用。【结果】研究结果表明,梯形丁坝和阶梯形丁坝在坝头区域均形成明显旋涡区和高动压区,局部水流紊动较强,流速梯度较大;而曲面丁坝能够有效减少局部最大动压,抑制高速区和强涡量区的形成,使坝周流速场及动压场更为均匀和平稳。与传统丁坝相比,曲面丁坝在降低坝头最大动压和涡量、改善局部水动力环境等方面表现出显著优势。【结论】本研究揭示了不同形态丁坝在水动力学特性上的差异,为丁坝的优化设计与形态改进提供了理论参考和工程依据。
[Objective]An endeavor was made to compare the adaptability and hydraulic performance of different spur dike structures under complex hydrological conditions.[Method]First,based on the three-dimensional numerical simulation method,a three-dimensional flow field model was constructed by using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)technique,and different spur dike structures were simulated under identical inflow conditions and boundary constraints;then,by comparing and analyzing the effects of various spur dike forms on the flow velocity distribution,vorticity at the dike head,and dynamic pressure characteristics,priority was given to the distribution features of the velocity field,the vorticity magnitude in the dike-head region,the regularity of dynamic pressure distribution,and the stability of the near-dike flow field;finally,by comparing the hydrodynamic responses of different spur dike shapes under the same working conditions,the regulating effects of each structural form on the local flow pattern were revealed.[Result]The results show that both trapezoidal and stepped spur dikes generate pronounced vortex zones and regions of high dynamic pressure near the dike head,accompanied by strong local turbulence and large velocity gradients;in contrast,the curved-surface spur dike effectively reduces the local peak dynamic pressure,suppresses the formation of high-velocity and high-vorticity regions,and promotes a more uniform and stable distribution of velocity and dynamic pressure around the structure.Compared with conventional configurations,the curved-surface dike demonstrates clear advantages in reducing maximum dynamic pressure and vorticity magnitude and in improving the local hydrodynamic environment.[Conclusion]This study reveals the differences in hydrodynamic characteristics among various types of spur dikes and provides theoretical support and engineering guidance for the optimal design and morphological enhancement of spur dikes.
作者
许丹
沈钰宸
林俊杰
马赟杰
XU Dan;SHEN Yuchen;LIN Junjie;MA Yunjie(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310002,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《浙江科技大学学报》
2025年第6期633-640,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
基金
浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY22E090005)。
关键词
三维数值模拟
丁坝
流速分布
涡量强度
动压分布
three-dimensional numerical simulation
spur dike
velocity distribution
vorticity magnitude
dynamic pressure distribution
