摘要
文章旨在探讨日粮添加复合酶菌制剂对泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛生产性能、血清生化指标及乳品质的影响。试验选取体重、胎次、产奶量和泌乳日龄相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛40头,采用完全随机区组设计分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头牛。对照组饲喂基础全混合日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加30 g/头·d的复合酶菌制剂(主要成分:纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母等,活菌总数≥1.0×10^(9)CFU/g)。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。于正试期第1天、第30天和第60天采集血样和奶样进行测定。1)与对照组相比,试验组奶牛的平均日干物质采食量无显著变化(P>0.05),但试验第31~60天及全期的平均产奶量显著提高了4.12%和3.01%(P<0.05)。2)试验组牛奶中的乳蛋白率和乳脂率分别显著提高3.85%和5.26%(P<0.05),体细胞数显著降低18.52%(P<0.05)。3)血清生化指标显示,试验组奶牛血清中的葡萄糖和总蛋白浓度显著升高(P<0.05),而尿素氮和丙二醛浓度显著降低(P<0.05),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著增强(P<0.05)。在泌乳中期奶牛日粮中添加30 g/头·d的复合酶菌制剂,能够有效改善机体代谢,显著提高产奶量,改善乳品质,具有较好的推广应用价值。
Given the potential synergistic effects of enzymes and probiotics,this study investigated the effects of their combined supplementation in the diets of mid-lactation Holstein cows,with the hypothesis that it would improve overall production performance and metabolic status.Forty healthy Holstein cows with similar body weight,parity,milk yield,and days in milk were selected and randomly assigned to two groups using a completely randomized block design,with 4 replicates per group and 5 cows per replicate.The control group was fed a basal total mixed ration,while the experimental group received the basal diet supplemented with 30 g/head·day of a compound enzyme-probiotic preparation(main components:cellulase,xylanase,β-glucanase,Bacillus subtilis,Saccharomyces cerevisiae;total viable count≥1.0×10^(9) CFU/g).The experiment consisted of a 10-day adaptation period followed by a 60-day formal experimental period.Blood and milk samples were collected on days 1,30,and 60 of the formal period for analysis.The results showed that:1)Compared with the control group,the average daily dry matter intake of cows in the experimental group was not significantly different(P>0.05).However,the average milk yield during days 31-60 and the entire experimental period increased significantly by 4.12%and 3.01%,respectively(P<0.05).2)The milk protein percentage and milk fat percentage in the experimental group were significantly higher by 3.85%and 5.26%,respectively(P<0.05),while the somatic cell count was significantly reduced by 18.52%(P<0.05).3)Serum biochemical analysis revealed that the concentrations of glucose and total protein were significantly increased(P<0.05),whereas the concentrations of urea nitrogen and malondialdehyde were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the activity of glutathione peroxidase was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)in the experimental group.In conclusion,dietary supplementation with 30 g/head·day of the compound enzyme-probiotic preparation for mid-lactation dairy cows effectively improved metabolic status and antioxidant capacity,significantly increased milk yield,and enhanced milk quality,demonstrating promising potential for practical application.
作者
褚仁忠
CHU Renzhong(Yangxin County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Management Service Center,Binzhou,Shandong Province 251800,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2025年第22期25-28,共4页
China Feed
关键词
复合酶菌制剂
奶牛
生产性能
血清生化
乳品质
compound enzyme-probiotic preparation
dairy cow
production performance
serum biochemical parameters
milk quality
