摘要
为探究人机协同机制下医护人员工作负荷的关键影响因素及作用路径,以临床医生为研究对象,结合多源数据构建包含7个维度35项因素的评价体系。通过融合灰色理论降低专家评估的主观偏差,采用决策实验室分析法与解释结构模型(DEMATEL-ISM)解析因素间的关联结构,借助MATLAB进行矩阵运算与仿真验证,建立多级递阶模型揭示影响机制。研究表明,医护人员工作负荷影响因素呈现多层级的拓扑结构,其中工作数量、持续时长及强度参数构成根源层,通过中介效应作用于决策复杂度和任务转换频率,最终导致操作失误率上升及沟通效率下降。对比传统负荷模型,研究揭示人机协同场景中设备适应成本和界面认知负荷等新型压力源的传导机制,证实智能排班优化与多模态生理监测对降低工作负荷的积极作用。提出的分级干预策略阐明了影响因素间的相互作用规律,其构建的方法框架在提升医疗人因工程系统可靠性的同时,为其他高可靠性行业的人机协作优化提供了可迁移的理论依据。
To investigate the critical influencing factors and mechanisms of healthcare workers’workload under human-machine collaboration,this study focuses on clinical physicians and constructs an evaluation system comprising 7 dimensions and 35 factors through multi-source data integration.By applying Grey theory to mitigate subjective bias in expert assessments,the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and interpretive structural model(ISM)is employed to analyze factor interrelationships.Matrix operations and simulation verification are implemented via MATLAB,establishing a multi-level hierarchical model that elucidates impact mechanisms.Findings reveal that healthcare workload factors exhibit a multi-layered topological structure:workload volume,duration,and intensity parameters constitute the fundamental layer,which indirectly affects decision complexity and task-switching frequency through mediation effects,ultimately leading to increased operational errors and diminished communication efficiency.Compared with traditional workload models,this research uncovers transmission mechanisms of emerging stressors in human-machine collaboration contexts,particularly device adaptation costs and interface cognitive load.It demonstrates the positive effects of intelligent shift scheduling optimization and multi-modal physiological monitoring on workload reduction.The proposed tiered intervention strategy clarifies interaction patterns among influencing factors,while the methodological framework not only enhances healthcare human factors engineering system reliability but also provides transferable theoretical foundations for optimizing human-machine collaboration in other high-reliability industries.
作者
胡亮
王伟伟
谈波
余其源
Hu Liang;Wang Weiwei;Tan Bo;Yu Qiyuan(School of Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering,Ma’anshan University,Ma’anshan,Anhui 243032,China)
出处
《机电工程技术》
2025年第21期48-53,60,共7页
Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology
基金
安徽省教育厅高校人文社科研究(2022AH052703)。
