摘要
为解决城市洪涝防御中存在的监测能力不足、预报精度不高、预警发布效率偏低,以及应急决策支持不到位等问题,构建城市型小流域数字孪生防洪排涝“四预”平台,并以广州市黄埔区南岗河流域为研究对象开展建设和应用。基于覆盖降雨、地表内涝、管网液位、河道水位、外江潮位的高密度物联感知网,以涵盖来水预报、河道一维水动力、地表二维水动力、管网、湖库调蓄、内涝积水智能预报等模型的水利专业模型体系及模型加速计算方法为驱动,实现对洪涝全过程的“分钟级”精准快速模拟,高效支撑洪涝风险预警、洪涝场景预演、工程调度及应急抢险预案优化。数字孪生南岗河防洪排涝“四预”平台已用于79场暴雨洪涝的预报预警及应对决策工作,结果表明:该平台对南岗河流域未来2和6 h河道水位预报误差在20 cm以内的合格率分别为81%和75%,均达到乙级精度,可有力支撑南岗河流域洪涝风险快速研判和应急调度决策,为其他城市型小流域开展数字孪生建设、城市内涝治理提供思路和参考。
To address the problems of insufficient monitoring,low forecasting accuracy,inefficient early warning,and inadequate emergency decision-making support in urban fl ood prevention,a digital twin“Four Pre”platform for fl ood control and drainage was developed and applied to the Nan’gang River Basin in Huangpu District,Guangzhou.Based on a high-density IoT sensing network covering rainfall,surface waterlogging,pipeline water level,river stage,and tidal level,the platform employed a suite of hydrological professional models,including infl ow forecasting,onedimensional and two-dimensional hydrodynamics,pipeline network,reservoir regulation,and waterlogging prediction models,together with accelerated computation methods.It enabled“minute-level”precise and rapid simulation of the entire fl ooding process,eff ectively supporting fl ood-risk early warning,scenario rehearsal,engineering scheduling,and emergency response optimization.The platform has been applied in 79 fl ood events.Results showed that,for 2-hour and 6-hour forecasts of river stage in the Nan’gang River Basin,81%and 75%of predictions,respectively,had errors within 20 cm,achieving grade-B accuracy.The platform signifi cantly enhances fl ood-risk assessment and emergency response capacity in the Nan’gang River Basin and provides a useful reference for digital twin construction and urban waterlogging management in other small urban basins.
作者
王汉岗
周姗
杨芳
张炜
WANG Han’gang;ZHOU Shan;YANG Fang;ZHANG Wei(Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute,Guangzhou 510610,China;School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Key Laboratory of Water Security Guarantee in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area of Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510610,China)
出处
《水利信息化》
2025年第5期1-6,14,共7页
Water Resources Informatization
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001000)
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52409052)。
关键词
防洪排涝
“四预”平台
数字孪生
智慧水利
洪涝模型
flood control and drainage
“Four Pre”platform
digital twin
smart water conservancy
flood and waterlogging model
