摘要
当前,大国竞争全球化、地区冲突外溢化与技术合作政治化等因素共同影响全球地缘政治格局演变,给新兴中等强国带来挑战。中等强国不愿作出非此即彼的选择,而坚持战略自主意味着独自面对复杂挑战。同时,中等强国不得不随着大国竞争重心的变化而调整政策。虽然土耳其独特的地缘战略地位受到各方高度重视,积极进取、多元平衡的务实外交政策成效显著,但其既受制于自身实力的不足,也面临新一轮全球地缘政治变局的挑战。土耳其在大国竞争中角色尴尬,既面临选边站队压力,又无法获得各方信任;在空前复杂的地区冲突中难有作为,其平衡外交空间因俄乌冲突而被大大压缩,也无力塑造巴以冲突前后的中东秩序;全球能源格局重组威胁到土耳其能源枢纽愿景,国际技术竞争的政治化也对其造成潜在影响。土耳其将继续坚持战略自主,在大国竞争中努力维持平衡,在地区冲突中适时调整政策以应对不利局面,积极拓展国际技术合作,力保交通与能源枢纽愿景,打造基础设施互联互通新方案,保持自身地缘政治竞争力。
Currently,factors such as the globalization of great power ccompetition,the spillover of regional conflicts,and the politicization of technological cooperation are jointly influencing the evolution of the global geopolitical landscape and posing challenges to emerging middle powers.Middle powers are reluctant to make a binary choice,and insisting on strategic autonomy means facing complex challenges alone.At the sametime,middle powers are forced to adjust their policies as the focus of major countries competition shifts.While Tirkiye’s unique geostrategic position is highly valued by all parties,and its proactive,diversified,and balanced pragmatic foreign policy has achieved remarkable results,it is constrained by its own limited strength and faces the challenges of a new round of global geopolitical changes.Türkiye’s role in major countries competition is awkward,facing pressure to choose sides and lacking the trust of all parties.It is struggling to make a difference in unprecedentedly complex regional conflicts,and its space for balanced diplomacy has been significantly reduced by the Russia-Ukraine conflict.It is also unable to shape the Middle East order before and after the Israeli-Palestinianconflict.The restructuring of the global energy landscape threatens Türkiye’s vision of becoming an energy hub,and the politicization of international technological competition also poses potential risks.Türkiye will continue to uphold strategicautonomy,strive to maintain balance amidst major countries competition,adjust policies appropriately to address unfavorable situations amidst regional conflicts,actively expand international technological cooperation,safeguard its vision of becoming a transportation and energy hub,create new solutions for infrastructure connectivity,and maintain its geopolitical competitiveness.
出处
《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》
2025年第5期28-46,161,162,共21页
Russian,East European & Central Asian Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大课题“美国外交变局与中美全球战略博弈研究”(22JJD810004)
上海市社科规划一般课题“中美在中东地区的‘新基建’竞争及对策研究”(2022BGJ008)的阶段性成果。
关键词
地缘政治变局
中等强国
大国竞争
多元平衡外交
土耳其
GeopoliticalShifts
Middle Powers
Great Powers Competition
Diversified and Balanced Diplomacy
Türkiye
