摘要
本文基于2013—2023年中国与哈萨克斯坦(以下简称“中哈”)农产品贸易数据,综合运用显示性比较优势指数(RCA)、贸易互补性指数(TCI),系统分析中国对哈萨克斯坦农产品出口的竞争性与互补性。研究结果表明:中哈农产品贸易规模实现显著扩大,但中国出口结构单一,集中于初级产品(如HS06、HS07类),而高附加值品类(如HS16、HS24类)占比偏低;从竞争力来看,RCA指数长期低于0.8,整体竞争优势不足,仅少数品类(如HS20类)展现出较强的竞争实力;在互补性层面,双方在农产品深加工领域的贸易互补性提升趋势显著,但尚未形成高阶产业分工格局。针对上述问题,本文提出以下三点优化对策:一是提升双边农产品贸易水平,优化产业结构;二是提高农产品附加值,提高双边贸易竞争力;三是加强中哈互补性农产品贸易,扩大农产品贸易开放。本研究可为中哈农业合作提供理论支撑,对推动区域经济一体化进程与中哈农产品贸易高质量发展具有借鉴价值。
Based on the agricultural trade data between China and Kazakhstan from 2013 to 2023,this paper systematically analyzes the competitiveness and complementarity of China’s agricultural product export to Kazakhstan by comprehensively employing the revealed comparative advantage(RCA)index and trade complementarity index(TCI).The research finds that the scale of agricultural product trade between China and Kazakhstan has significantly increased,but China’s export structure is relatively single,mainly concentrated in primary products(such as HS06 and HS07),with a low proportion of high value-added categories(such as HS16 and HS24).The RCA index has remained below 0.8 for a long time,indicating a lack of overall competitiveness,with only a few categories(such as HS20)showing strong competitiveness.The trade complementarity in terms of deep-processed products has improved significantly,but a high-level industrial division of labor has not yet been formed.In response to these issues,three countermeasures are proposed:improving bilateral agricultural trade and optimizing the industrial structure;enhancing the added value of agricultural products and the competitiveness of bilateral trade;and deepening the trade of complementary agricultural products between the two countries.This study provides theoretical support for China–Kazakhstan agricultural cooperation and offers valuable insights for promoting regional economic integration and the high-quality development of China–Kazakhstan agricultural trade.
作者
郭晴
陈羊
Guo Qing;Chen Yang(Yili Normal University;The Belt and Road Development Research Institute of Yili Normal University,Yining,Xinjiang 835000)
出处
《中国商论》
2025年第19期50-54,共5页
China Journal of Commerce
基金
伊犁师范大学2022年度校级科研项目(2022YSYB064)
2022年度伊犁师范大学“一带一路”发展研究院开放课题(YDYL2022YB019)。
关键词
中哈
农产品
出口贸易
竞争性
互补性
China and Kazakhstan
agricultural products
export trade
competitiveness
complementarity
