摘要
目的 了解北京市水产品零售环节中沙门菌污染流行特征和耐药状况。方法 于2023年7月—2024年7月从北京市城八区批发市场、农贸市场及商超共采集216份螺类和虾类样品,依照国标方法分离、鉴定沙门菌。采用微量肉汤稀释法测定沙门菌分离株对11类18种抗菌药物的敏感性,并开展全基因组测序、生物信息学和耐药表型与耐药基因关联分析。结果 从15份样品中检出24株沙门菌,检出率为6.9%(15/216)。不同季节、采样地点、样品来源沙门菌检出率差异均无统计学意义。药敏结果显示24株沙门菌对四环素耐药率最高(54.2%,13/24),其次为复方新诺明(50.0%,12/24)、氯霉素(50.0%,12/24)和氟苯尼考(41.7%,10/24),所有菌株对亚胺培南均敏感。多重耐药率达41.7%(10/24),同时耐受抗菌药物种类最高为9类。共存在10种耐药谱,优势耐药谱为四环素-氯霉素-氟苯尼考(6株)。24个分离株共有11种血清型,S. Havana为优势血清型(5株),其次为S. Liverpool(3株),S. Augustenborg、S. Agona、S. Thompson、S. Telelkebir、S. Indiana、S. Kentucky、S. Corvallis各2株,S. Goldcoast或S. Brikama和S. Potsdam各1株,存在一个样品同时检出2种血清型。多位点序列分型结果显示ST1527为主要型别,占20.8%(5/24)。分离株携带了50种抗生素耐药基因,主要为tet(A)、floR、sul2、mphA、tet(M)等,检出1株S. Indiana携带多黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1。耐药基因与耐药表型关联分析发现临床重要药物阿奇霉素、头孢噻肟和环丙沙星的Kappa值均为0.50以上(P<0.05),耐药基因预测结果与表型一致性较好。结论 2023—2024年北京市水产品零售环节存在沙门菌污染现象,多重耐药现象严重,血清型分布和携带的耐药基因种类较多。
OBJECTIVE To understand the contamination and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in aquatic products in Beijing.METHODS A total of 216 snails and shrimps were collected from wholesale markets,wet markets and supermarkets in Beijing from July 2023 to July 2024.Broth microdilution method was used for testing the antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates against 18 antimicrobial drugs which belong to 1l categories,and whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed.The association between the drug resistant phenotype and the antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)were analyzed.RESULTS In total,24 Salmonella strains were detected from 15 samples,with a detection rate of 6.9%(15/216).There was no statistically significant difference among different seasons,sampling place types,and sample sources of the detection rate.Antimicrobial susceptibility result showed that the 24 strains had the highest resistance rate to tetracycline(54.2%,13/24),followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(50.0%,12/24),chloramphenicol(50.0%,12/24)and florfenicol(41.7%,10/24),while all strains were susceptible to imipenem.The multidrug resistance rate was 41.7%(10/24),and some isolates could be concurrent resistant to as much as 9 classes of antimicrobials.There were 10 drug resistance spectrums,and the dominant one was TET-CHL-FFC(n=6).The 24 isolates were classified into 11 serotypes,with S.Havana(n=5)being the dominant one,followed by S.Havana.Liverpool(n=3),S.Augustenborg(n=2),S.Agona(n=2),S.Thompson(n=2),S.Telelkebir(n=2),S.Indiana(n=2),S.Kentucky(n=2),S.Corvallis(n=2),S.Corvallis(n=2),S.Potsdam(n=1)and S.Goldcoast or S.Brikama(n=1),there was a sample that detected two serotypes simultaneously.Multi-locus sequence typing(MLST)result showed that ST1527 was the main type,accounting for 20.8%(5/24).Genomic analysis showed 56 distinct ARGs in 24 Salmonella isolates,which mainly carried tet(A),floR,sul2,mphA,tet(M)and so on,and found a S.Indiana carrying the colistin resistance gene mcr-1,respectively.The relationship between ARGs and drugresistant phenotypes found that the Kappa value of clinically important drugs,including azithromycin,cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin all beyond O.50,the prediction result of ARGs were well consistent with the resistant phenotype.CONCLUSION Salmonella contamination existed in the retail link of aquatic products in Beijing,and the phenomenon of multi-drug resistance was serious,and there were many serotypes and drug resistance genes in isolates.
作者
田茂松
胡豫杰
刘世伟
李冰妍
李孟寒
吴永宁
白莉
Tian Maosong;Hu Yuje;Liu Shiwei;Li Bingyan;Li Menghan;Wu Yongning;Bai Li(National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Health,China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021,China;School of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang 261053,China;Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University,Sanya 572025,China;School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)
出处
《卫生研究》
北大核心
2025年第5期811-819,共9页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
国家重点研发计划(No.2022YFD1800400)。
关键词
沙门菌
水产品
抗菌素耐药性
全基因组测序
食源性致病菌
Salmonella
aquatic products
antimicrobial resistance
whole genome sequencing
foodborne pathogens
