摘要
寒旱区高校教学建筑室外环境建设是推动高等教育发展的重要环节,对其室外风环境进行深入研究具有现实意义。文章以室外风环境与舒适性理论为基础,结合寒旱区的独特气候特征,选取兰州地区高校教学建筑室外风环境作为研究对象,利用CFD模拟软件Phoenics进行室外风环境数值模拟,并定量分析了建筑布局、尺寸、朝向和间距这4个因素对寒旱区高校教学建筑室外风环境的具体影响。研究结果显示:①在风影区面积方面,行列型布局形成的风影区面积最小,而围合型布局形成的风影区面积相对较大。②室外静风区域面积总体上随建筑迎风面面宽的增加而扩大,且风涡流的离散程度亦随之增大;同时,室外静风区域面积亦随建筑高度的增加而扩展。③南偏西朝向下形成的风影区面积普遍较大,而南偏东朝向下风影区面积则相对较小。④随着横向间距或纵向间距的增大,建筑背风面风影区面积亦相应增加。综上所述,受自然气候条件的制约,寒旱区高校教学建筑室外风环境的影响因素呈现出显著的区域特性。
The construction of the outdoor environment of teaching buildings in cold and arid regions is an important link in the development of higher education,and it is of great practical significance to study the outdoor wind environment.Based on the outdoor wind environment and comfort theory,combined with the climate characteristics of cold and arid regions,the outdoor wind environment of teaching buildings in Lanzhou region was selected as the research object.The CFD simulation software Phoenics was used to simulate the outdoor wind environment and quantitatively analyze the influence of four influencing factors of building layout,size,orientation and distance on the outdoor wind environment of the teaching buildings in cold and arid regions.The results show that:①in terms of the area of the formed wind shadow area,the area of the row type wind shadow area is the smallest,and the area of the enclosed type wind shadow area is relatively large.②The overall area of the outdoor quiet wind area expands with the increase of the width of the windward side of the building,and the dispersion degree of wind eddy keeps increasing.The area of the outdoor quiet wind area also expands with the increase of the building height.③The overall area of the wind shadow area formed under the direction of south by west is larger,while that formed under the direction of the south to east is smaller.④With the increase of horizontal or vertical spacing,the area of wind shadow area on the leeward side of the building also increases.In short,influenced by the natural climate,the factors affecting the outdoor wind environment of teaching buildings in cold and arid regions have obvious regional characteristics.
作者
王国荣
田冉
Wang Guorong;Tian Ran
出处
《城市建筑》
2025年第17期1-7,共7页
Urbanism and Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金地区基金(51668039)。
关键词
高校教学建筑
室外风环境
寒旱区
Phoenics
teaching buildings in colleges and universities
outdoor wind environment
cold and arid regions
Phoenics
