摘要
目的 分析语音障碍(SSD)学龄前及学龄期儿童辅音错误的临床特征。方法 回顾性分析215例SSD患儿的语音资料。其中,学龄前组119例(年龄4~5岁),学龄期组96例(年龄6~12岁)。分析两组整体发音错误、发音部位错误、发音方式错误、送气方式错误和错误类型5个方面。结果 学龄前组错误发音前五位分别为舌尖前音/c、z、s/、舌尖中音/l/和舌尖后音/ch/。学龄期组错误发音前五位分别为舌尖前音/c/、舌尖后音/ch、sh、zh、r/。学龄前组双唇音/p/、唇齿音/f/、舌尖前音/z、c、s/、舌尖中音/l/、舌面音/q、x/、舌根音/ɡ、h/发音错误比例高于学龄期组(P<0.05)。学龄前组舌尖中音化、舌面音化发音部位错误比例高于学龄期组(P<0.05)。学龄前组塞音化、塞擦音化、边音化发音方式错误比例高于学龄期组(P<0.05)。学龄前组不送气化错误比例高于学龄期组(P<0.05)。学龄前组省略错误比例高于学龄期组(P<0.05),而两组替代和歪曲错误比例比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 SSD与年龄有一定相关性,年龄增长有助于改善儿童语音错误,但尚不能完全纠正。如果儿童存在SSD,应尽早开展康复训练。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of consonant errors in the preschool and school-age children with speech sound disorder(SSD).Methods The speech data of 215 children with SSD were retrospectively analyzed.The children were divided into the preschool group(4-5 years old,119 cases)and the school-age group(6-12 years old,96 cases).Five aspects of the two groups were analyzed,which included overall articulation errors,errors in place of articulation,errors in manner of articulation,errors in aspiration pattern and error types.Results In the preschool group,the top five misarticulated consonants were alveolar front sounds/c,z,s/,alveolar median sound/l/and alveolar posterior sounds/ch/.In the school-age group,the top five misarticulated consonants were alveolar front sound/c/,alveolar posterior sounds/ch,sh,zh,r/.The incorrect pronunciation ratios of bilabial sounds/p/,labiodental sounds/f/,apical anterior sounds/z,c,s/,apical middle sounds/l/,lingual surface sounds/q,x/and root tongue sounds/g,h/in the preschool group were higher than those in the school-age group(P<0.05).The proportion of errors in place of articulation of alveolarization and palatalization in the preschool group were higher than those in the school-age group(P<0.05).The proportion of errors in manner of articulation such as stop consonantization,affricate consonantization and lateralization in the preschool group were higher than those in the school-age group(P<0.05).The proportion of unaspirated errors in the preschool group was higher than that of school-age group(P<0.05).The proportion of omission errors in the preschool group was higher than that in the school-age group(P<0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of substitution and distortion errors between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion SSD has a certain correlation with age.The increase of age can help to improve the speech errors,but it can not be completely corrected yet.In the children with SSD,the rehabilitation training should be carried out as early as possible.
作者
朱圆圆
陈忆晴
田莉莉
吴梦凡
池霞
吴茜
ZHU Yuanyuan;CHEN Yiqing;TIAN Lili;WU Mengfan;CHI Xia;WU Qian(Department of Child Healthcare,Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital,Nanjing Medical Key Laboratory of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics,Nanjing 210000,CHINA)
出处
《江苏医药》
2025年第7期674-678,共5页
Jiangsu Medical Journal
关键词
语音障碍
辅音错误
儿童
Speech sound disorder
Consonant errors
Children
