摘要
淮河流域是我国重要的粮食生产基地和煤炭供应基地,但煤炭开采活动导致矿区地表沉陷、耕地面积减少、肥力下降、土壤环境风险增加以及固碳潜力下降等。系统梳理了淮河流域煤矿区耕地的数量、质量、生态受损现状,分析了其受损机制,重点综述了近年来国内外学者在受损耕地数量调控、质量提升和生态修复方面的研究进展。煤炭开采导致耕地数量减少、质量下降、生态系统受损,但通过绿色开采技术、土地复垦技术、改良耕作方式以及生物修复技术等综合措施,能够有效缓解耕地受损问题。未来应进一步优化集成耕地调控技术体系,加强耕地源头保护与煤炭开采过程治理,推动煤炭开采与耕地保护协同发展,加强受损耕地生态修复与碳汇协同增效,并加强长期监测预评估,以保障区域粮食安全、能源安全及可持续发展。
The Huaihe River Basin is an important grain production base and coal supply base in China.However,coal mining activities have led to surface subsidence in mining areas,reduction of cultivated land area,decline in fertility,increase in soil environmental risks,and decrease in carbon sequestration potential.The current situation of the quantity,quality and ecological damage of cultivated land in the coal mining areas of the Huai River Basin was systematically sorted out,the damage mechanism was analyzed,and the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars in the quantity regulation,quality improvement and ecological restoration of damaged cultivated land in recent years was mainly reviewed.Coal mining leads to a reduction in the quantity of cultivated land,a decline in its quality and damage to the ecosystem.However,through comprehensive measures such as green mining technology,land reclamation technology,improved farming methods and bioremediation technology,the problem of cultivated land damage can be effectively alleviated.In the future,the integrated technical system for regulating cultivated land should be further optimized,the source protection of cultivated land and the governance of the coal mining process should be strengthened,the coordinated development of coal mining and cultivated land protection should be promoted,the synergy of ecological restoration of damaged cultivated land and the carbon sinks should be enhanced,and long⁃term monitoring and pre⁃assessment should be strengthened to ensure regional food security,energy security and sustainable development.
作者
许怡
陈孝杨
牛经纬
刘晴
蒋进鹏
XU Yi;CHEN Xiaoyang;NIU Jingwei;LIU Qing;JIANG Jinpeng(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;National Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Safety Mining and Environmental Protection,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2025年第8期1-14,共14页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
安徽理工大学基本科研业务费专项(2024-04B)
安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202104a06020027)。
关键词
受损耕地
数量减损
质量提升
生态保护
淮河流域
煤矿区
Damaged arable land
Quantity reduction
Quality improvement
Ecological protection
Huaihe River Basin
Coal mining area
