摘要
为了研究播期对谷子产量和品质的影响,于2022年以超早熟谷子突变体xiaomi1、xiaomi3和xiaomi4为材料,设置D1(4月11日)、D2(4月29日)和D3(5月17日)3个播期,比较不同播期处理下超早熟谷子突变体产量和品质的变化。结果表明:相比D1播期,3个超早熟谷子突变体在D2、D3播期的全生育期天数、苗期天数均缩短,拔节期天数先增加后缩短,灌浆成熟期天数无变化;播期对3个超早熟谷子的穗长、穗粗和穗重影响显著,D3播期的穗长、穗重相对于D1播期显著增加(P<0.05);相较于D1播期,D2和D3播期的脂肪含量显著增加,蛋白质含量先显著增加后显著降低,直链淀粉、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素含量显著降低(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析结果显示,穗长和穗重与脂肪、类黄酮含量呈显著负相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著正相关;日均温、紫外强度和日照时数显著影响超早熟谷子的穗长和穗重,日均温、日照时数、总太阳辐射度和紫外强度显著影响脂肪、蛋白质和直链淀粉含量(P<0.05);4月中旬播种可提高谷子的品质,5月中旬播种可使谷子的穗长和穗重增加。
To assess the influence of sowing dates on the yield and quality of foxtail millet,an experiment was con⁃ducted in 2022 using three super⁃early maturing foxtail millet mutants,xiaomi1,xiaomi3,and xiaomi4.We exam⁃ined the yield and quality of the three mutants under different sowing date treatments,D1(April 11th),D2(April 29th),and D3(May 17th).The results showed that compared to the D1,the duration of the whole growth period,as well as the seedling stage,was shortened in the D2 and D3 treatments for all the three mutants.The duration of the jointing stage initially increased and then decreased,but without any change in the duration of the filling and maturity stages.Sowing date had a significant impact on the panicle length,panicle diameter,and panicle weight of the three super⁃early maturing foxtail millet mutants.The panicle length and weight under D3 significantly increased compared to that under D1(P<0.05).Furthermore,fat content significantly increased,while protein content rose initially and then declined significantly,and the contents of amylose,flavonoids,and carotenoids significantly de⁃creased in D2 and D3 compared to D1(P<0.05).Panicle length and panicle weight were negatively correlated with fat and flavonoid contents,and positively correlated with protein content.Daily mean temperature,ultraviolet inten⁃sity,and sunshine duration significantly affected panicle length and weight of foxtail millet,while daily mean tem⁃perature,sunshine duration,total solar irradiance and ultraviolet intensity significantly affected the contents of fat,protein and amylose(P<0.05).Sowing in mid⁃April could improve the quality of foxtail millet,while sowing in mid⁃May could increase the panicle length and weight of foxtail millet.
作者
王晨晨
李亚军
马萃
杨明真
王娟玲
李红英
张益娟
WANG Chenchen;LI Yajun;MA Cui;YANG Mingzhen;WANG Juanling;LI Hongying;ZHANG Yijuan(College of Agri-culture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture(in preparation),Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第7期2193-2199,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U21A20216)和国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32100316)资助。
关键词
谷子
产量
品质
气象因子
播期
foxtail millet
yield
quality
meteorological factor
sowing date
