摘要
目的描述与分析内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟达乌尔黄鼠密度、体表主要寄生蚤及寄生蚤群落多样性的时空分布特征,为鼠疫防控提供参考。方法收集2012-2021年锡林郭勒盟达乌尔黄鼠密度及其体表寄生蚤感染的相关数据,计算体表寄生蚤群落多样性,利用Mann-Kendall时间趋势检验与季节性分解模型分析其时间分布。描述不同鼠疫自然疫源地鼠密度与寄生蚤感染情况的空间分布,利用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验分析空间分布差异。结果2012-2021年锡林郭勒盟达乌尔黄鼠平均鼠密度为1.29只/hm^(2),鼠体染蚤率为61.51%,10年总蚤指数为3.43,Simpson优势度指数D=0.36,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′=0.76。达乌尔黄鼠体表寄生优势蚤种为方形黄鼠蚤。Mann-Kendall时间趋势检验发现鼠密度、总蚤指数、方形黄鼠蚤蚤指数和阿巴盖新蚤蚤指数呈下降趋势,结果均有统计学意义(均Z<0,P<0.05)。季节性分解模型发现鼠密度及其体表寄生蚤感染均具有季节性。Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验发现鼠密度及其体表寄生蚤感染情况除其他蚤蚤指数外,在布氏田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地、达乌尔黄鼠与长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地重叠与非重叠地区间的分布差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论2012-2021年达乌尔黄鼠与长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠密度仍较高,布氏田鼠与长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠体寄生蚤感染负担较大,应根据各监测点的具体情况因地制宜加强达乌尔黄鼠及其体表寄生蚤的监测与控制工作。
Objective To describe and analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the density,major ectoparasitic fleas,and flea community diversity of Spermophilus dauricus in Xilin Gol League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China,so as to provide a reference for plague prevention and control.Methods Data on the density and ectoparasitic flea infection of S.dauricus from 2012 to 2021 in Xilin Gol League were collected.The diversity of ectoparasitic flea community was calculated.Temporal distribution was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall trend test and seasonal decomposition of time series(STL).The spatial distributions of rodent density and flea infestation across different natural plague foci were described.The Kruskal-Wallis H rank-sum test was used to compare the differences in spatial distribution.Results The average density of S.dauricus in Xilin Gol League between 2012 and 2021 was 1.29 inds/hm^(2).The flea infestation rate was 61.51%,the ten-year total flea index was 3.43,the Simpson's dominance index(D)was 0.36,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′)was 0.76.The dominant ectoparasitic flea species of S.dauricus was Citellophilus tesquorum.The Mann-Kendall trend test indicated significant decreases in rodent density,total flea index,C.tesquorum flea index,and Neopsylla abagaitui flea index(all Z<0,P<0.05).STL revealed seasonality in rodent density and ectoparasitic flea infestation.Kruskal-Wallis H rank-sum test showed statistically significant differences in the distribution of rodent density and ectoparasitic flea infestation among the natural plague foci of Lasiopodomys brandtii,the overlapping,and non-overlapping areas of the natural plague foci of S.dauricus and Meriones unguiculatus(all P<0.001),with the exception of other flea indexes.Conclusions In 2012-2021,rodent density was relatively high in the natural plague foci of S.dauricus and M.unguiculatus,and the burden of flea infestation was relatively high in the natural plague foci of L.brandtii and M.unguiculatus.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and control of S.dauricus and its ectoparasitic fleas based on the specific conditions of surveillance sites.
作者
郭忱然
韩笑
刘雨秋
任佳荣
王晓旭
常楠
冀好强
汪子豪
刘起勇
GUO Chen-ran;HAN Xiao;LIU Yu-qiu;REN Jia-rong;WANG Xiao-xu;CHANG Nan;JI Hao-qiang;WANG Zi-hao;LIU Qi-yong(School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211166,China;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Department of Vector Biology and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management,Beijing 102206,China;Department of Vector Control,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250012,China)
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
2025年第2期215-225,共11页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
基金
国家自然科学基金(32090023)
媒介生物监测与控制项目(102393220020020000012)。
