摘要
目的 预测航天器长期贮存下弹簧的应力松弛及其导致的分离系统性能演化规律。方法 融合弹簧加速退化试验与多体动力学方法,实现分离性能演化规律预测。通过温度加速试验,建立弹簧的应力松弛本构模型,预测多个温度组合剖面下弹簧力的非线性衰减规律。构建分离系统多体动力学模型,引入弹簧松弛效应,形成分离系统性能演化模型。结果 弹簧应力松弛主要发生在贮存前2 a,衰减率为5.6%,贮存20 a后,弹簧载荷衰减6.3%。弹簧应力松弛效应导致分离性能下降,贮存期满后,分离速度损失2.1%,分离距离损失3.1%。参数分散性影响下,分离偏角最大值为0.408°,小于姿态阈值。结论 贮存期内弹簧具有明显的应力松弛效应,会导致分离失效风险增加,对分离速度、分离距离、分离姿态均会产生影响,需在设计初期考虑应力松弛效应。
The work aims to predict the stress relaxation of spacecraft springs under long-term storage and the resulting evolution of separation system performance.Spring accelerated degradation testing and multi-body dynamics methods were integrated to predict the evolution of separation performance.Through temperature-accelerated testing,a stress relaxation constitutive model for the spring was established,and the nonlinear decay law of spring force under multiple temperature profiles was predicted.A multi-body dynamics model of the separation system was constructed,and the spring relaxation effect was incorporated to develop a separation system performance evolution model.The spring exhibited a high stress relaxation rate of 5.6% within the first 2 years of storage.After 20 years of storage,the spring force loss was approximately 6%.With increasing storage time,the spring stress relaxation effect caused a decline in separation performance,leading to a 2.1% reduction in separation velocity and 3.1% reduction in separation distance at the expiry of storage life.Under parameter dispersion,the maximum separation angle was 0.408°,which was below the attitude threshold.In conclusion,springs exhibit significant stress relaxation effects during storage,increasing the risk of separation failure.Stress relaxation effects have effects on velocity,distance and attitude of separation,which should be considered in the initial stage of design.
作者
李昂
吴彦增
白雪
庞欢
孙中超
LI Ang;WU Yanzeng;BAI Xue;PANG Huan;SUN Zhongchao(Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering,Beijing 100854,China;School of Automobile,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)
出处
《装备环境工程》
2025年第5期1-6,共6页
Equipment Environmental Engineering
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划面上项目(2024JC-YBMS-371)。
关键词
级间分离
应力松弛
性能退化
多体动力学
加速试验
stage separation
stress relaxation
performance degradation
multi-body dynamics
accelerated testing
