摘要
印度人民法庭制度起源于古老的“潘查亚特”纠纷解决机制,于印度《法律服务组织法》出台后迈入规范化发展阶段。印度人民法庭有常设和非常设两种组织模式,具有准司法特征和法院非正式附设调解制度属性,其本质为“面向全体人民提供迅速纠纷解决的‘法庭’”。印度人民法庭制度的创设是对“平等获得正义”和甘地等人倡导的“人人享有正义”原则的实践。该法庭具有广泛管辖权、程序灵活、“裁决”具有约束力和终局性、解决纠纷专业人士任职资格较高以及财政保障制度完备等特征。此项制度与我国人民调解制度高度相似,结合该制度运行过程中的利弊得失,以及我国人民调解制度发展实际,从调解员任职资格、调解受案范围、调解工作方式、调解协议效力以及调解经费保障五个方面,提出完善我国人民调解制度的建议。
The Lok Adalat system in India originated from the ancient“Panchayat”dispute resolution mechanism and entered a period of normative development after the introduction of The Legal Services Authorities Act in India.The Indian Lok Adalat system consists of two types of structures,permanent and non-permanent,with quasi-judicial characteristics and the informal Court-Annexed Mediation,and is essentially a“fourm providing prompt dispute resolution for all people”.The Indian Lok Adalat has a broad jurisdiction,high qualifications for dispute resolution professionals,flexible working procedures,binding and final“decisions”,and a sound financial security system.The Indian Lok Adalat system has a high degree of similarity with the people's mediation system in China,and the experience of the development of the Indian Lok Adalat system has important implications for the development of people's mediation in China.In view of this,this paper puts forward specific proposals to improve China's people's mediation system from five aspects:the qualifications of mediators,the scope of mediation,the mediation mode of work,the effect of mediation agreement and the mediation financial security system.
作者
杨陶
张炯
Yang Tao;Zhang Jiong
出处
《民间法》
2024年第1期131-153,共23页
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目“新疆企业参与中巴经济走廊建设的法律对策研究”(编号:XJEDU2021SY039)
