摘要
微塑料(MPS)作为一类新兴污染物广泛分布于全球环境介质中,近年来引起了人们的关注。介绍了微塑料的来源、分类,以及其在我国河流、湖泊、海洋、土壤、大气等环境介质中的赋存现状和分布特征研究进展。此外,微塑料因其粒径小、比表面积大、难降解、具有生物富集效应及可能缓慢释放有毒单体化合物等性质而具有潜在的环境危害,可经呼吸道、消化道及皮肤进入生物体内并累积在组织器官中,产生毒性反应,对生命体健康造成威胁,其潜在环境效应已成为国内外研究的热点对象之一。梳理了微塑料对动植物和微生物产生的潜在生态毒性效应和环境危害,提出加强微塑料污染的应对措施和建议,旨在提高人们对环境微塑料污染危害的认识。
Microplastic,as an emerging contaminant,is widely present in the global environment.It has been studied extensively and deeply in recent years.In this paper,the sources and classification of microplastics and their abundance and distribution characteristics in rivers,lakes,oceans,soil and atmosphere in China are introduced.In addition,microplastics has potentially harmful to the environment because of their small particle size,large specific surface area,difficult to degrade,bioenrichment effect and slow release of toxic monomer compounds,they are easy to be directly inhaled,ingested via mouth or immersed into the body by skin,resulting in toxicity and adverse health effects,poses a threat to the health of living organisms,has become one of hot topics of the frontier research.The potential ecotoxic effects and environmental hazards of microplastics on animals,plants and microorganisms were analyzed in this paper,some advice and solutions for the enhance countermeasures against microplastic pollution were put forward,in order to raise people’s awareness of the hazards of microplastic pollution in the environment.
作者
周世跃
白梅
丁帅
谭伟
ZHOU Shiyue;BAI Mei;DING Shuai;TAN Wei(Yunan Zhijie Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wenshan 663099,China;The Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of DEEY in Wenshan,Wenshan 663099,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Chemistry and Environment,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650500,China)
出处
《再生资源与循环经济》
2023年第1期12-15,共4页
Recyclable Resources and Circular Economy
关键词
环境
微塑料
污染现状
潜在风险
enviroment
microplastics
pollution status
potential risk
