摘要
目的分析江苏省“十三五”以来村卫生室卫生资源配置现状,为优化卫生资源配置、提升基层卫生服务能力提供依据。方法基于江苏省卫生健康年鉴数据,使用基尼系数和泰尔指数,分析2016—2019年江苏村卫生室卫生资源配置现状及公平性。结果2016—2019年,江苏村卫生室数、村卫生人员总数逐年减少,但执业(助理)医师和注册护士占比连年增加;苏南地区资源拥有量低于苏中和苏北地区;各类资源指标按人口分布的基尼系数在0.2322~0.5484之间,泰尔指数在0.0911~0.5403之间;按地理分布的基尼系数在0.2177~0.5535之间,泰尔指数在0.0773~0.5470之间;无论是基尼系数还是泰尔指数,均随时间呈上升趋势。结论江苏村卫生室卫生资源分布存在明显的地区差异,资源配置不公平性逐年增加,不公平主要来源于区域间;建议卫生健康行政部门应重视农村常住人口减少背景下村卫生室卫生资源的合理配置,因地制宜调整卫生资源的结构和规模,缩小地区间差异;同时要注意平衡不同类别卫生人力资源的供应,进一步加强基层护士人力配置。
Objective To evaluate the status quo of health resources allocation in village clinics in Jiangsu Province since the implementation of the 13 th Five-Year Plan,so as to provide reference for optimizing the allocation of health resources and improving the capacity of primary health care.Methods Based on the health yearbook data from 2016 to 2019,Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the status quo and equity of health resources allocation of village clinics in Jiangsu Province.Results From 2016 to 2019,the number of village clinics and village health personnel decreased year by year,but the proportion of licensed(assistant)physicians and registered nurses increased year by year.The amount of health resources of village clinics in southern Jiangsu was lower than that in central and northern Jiangsu.The Gini coefficients of each resource distributed by population ranged from 0.2322 to 0.5484,and the Theil index ranged from 0.0911 to 0.5403.The Gini coefficients of each resource distributed by geographical area ranged from 0.2177 to 0.5535,and the Theil index ranged from 0.0773 to 0.5470.Both Gini coefficients and Theil index showed an increasing trend over time.Conclusions There are obvious regional differences in the distribution of health resources in village clinics in Jiangsu Province,and the inequity of resources allocation is increasing year by year,which mainly originates from inter-regional differences.It is recommended that health administrative departments should attach importance to the health resources allocation in village clinics in the context of rural population decline,adjust the structure and scale of health resources according to local conditions to close the gap between regions.Meanwhile,balancing the supply of different kinds of human resources for health care and strengthening primary nurse staffing are also important.
作者
施雯慧
周健
张敏
孙志明
SHI Wenhui;ZHOU Jian;ZHANG Min;SUN Zhiming(Jiangsu Health Development Research Center,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036,China;NHC Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036,China)
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2022年第10期726-731,共6页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
基金
江苏省科技厅省属公益类科研院所自主科研经费项目(BM2018033)
江苏省卫生健康委医学科研重点项目(ZDB2020038)。
关键词
村卫生室
卫生资源配置
公平性
基尼系数
泰尔指数
现状分析
Village clinics
Health resources allocation
Equity
Gini coefficient
Theil index
Status quo analysis
