摘要
通过考证认为,一年生辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)于16世纪80年代从日本传入中国,最早的传入点是浙江。以浙江为起点,向北、西、南3个方向传播。向北方向,经江苏传到山东,虽然江苏没有接受辣椒,但山东很快接受并把辣椒当作花椒的替代品,名称由番椒变成了秦椒;再以山东为中心,继续向河北、辽宁传播,东北的辣椒是闯关东的山东人传播的;向西传到了天津、山西、河南、北京、甘肃、内蒙古,形成华北传播路线。向西方向,从浙江沿长江西上,安徽、江西、湖北没有接受,但湖南很快接受了辣椒,并以湖南为中心,向贵州、四川、云南、广东、广西、陕西等地传播,形成影响最大的长江传播路线,新疆的辣椒是在左宗棠收复新疆时由湖南军人传过去的。向南传播的速度非常缓慢,传到江西、福建的时间都较晚。从荷兰传入台湾的灌木辣椒(Capsicum frutescens L.)和从印度尼西亚雅加达传入台湾的中国辣椒(Capsicum chinense Jacq.),经福建传到海南和云南。
Records of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)in China could be traced back to 80s in 16th century,when pepper was introduced from Japan.The pepper spread to the north,west and south from Zhejiang as the starting point.The northbound spreading route was that pepper spread to Shandong through Jiangsu.Although pepper was not accepted by local people in Jiangsu,it was quickly accepted as a condiment to replace Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Shandong,and the name changed from“Fanjiao”to“Qinjiao”.Taking Shandong as the spreading center,pepper spread north to Hebei and Liaoning.Pepper was brought to northeast China by the Modern Shandong Migration.The westbound spreading route was that pepper spread to Tianjin,Shanxi,Henan,Beijing,Gansu,Neimenggu.This is the north China spreading route.The westbound spreading route was going to west from Zhejiang along the Yangtze River.Pepper was not accepted by Anhui,Jiangxi and Hubei,but accepted by Hunan.Taking Hunan as the spreading center,pepper spread to Guizhou,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangdong,Guangxi and Shanxi.This route was considered the most influential spreading route along the Yangtze River in China.Pepper was spread to Xinjiang by the soldiers from Hunan Province when ZUO Zongtang recovered Xinjiang.The southbound spreading route was much slower,pepper was spread to Jiangxi and Fujian lately.Capsicum frutescens L.in Taiwan from Netherlands and Capsicum chinense Jacq.in Taiwan from Jakarta Indonesia was spread to Hainan and Yunnan through Fujian.
作者
邹学校
朱凡
ZOU Xuexiao;ZHU Fan(Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Art Design,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期629-640,共12页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-24-A-05)。
关键词
辣椒
传播路径
调味品
蔬菜
中国
Capsicum spp.
spread
condiment
vegetables
China
