摘要
秃尖长度是阻碍玉米产量进一步提高的主要因素。为了探究鲁北地区小农户田间管理习惯对夏玉米秃尖长度的影响,2015~2017年连续3 a进行田间调查,共调查玉米地块样本225个(2015年89个、2016年77个、2017年59个),涉及到玉米品种31个(其中主导品种9个),利用相关分析方法,研究了品种、施肥、病虫害防治、收获密度等对玉米秃尖长度的影响。结果表明:不同年度的参试夏玉米秃尖长度平均值存在显著差异,指标值顺序为2017年>2016年>2015年,其中2015年与2016年差异不显著,但二者均与2017年差异达到了显著水平;9个主导夏玉米品种的秃尖长度为0.86~3.34 cm,差异达显著水平,其中登海605秃尖长度最长、浚单29秃尖长度最短。相关分析结果显示,玉米秃尖长度与产量呈不显著正相关,与穗粒数和千粒重呈极显著负相关;除登海618和济玉1号外,其他夏玉米品种的秃尖长度均与氮肥追施量呈显著正相关;登海605、德利农7号、先玉335、登海618、济玉1号和浚单29的秃尖长度均与播期和收获密度呈显著正相关;病虫草害防治频率对部分夏玉米品种的秃尖长度有显著影响。
The barren tip length is the main factor limiting the further increase of maize yield.In order to explore the influence of small farmers’field management habits on the barren tip length of summer maize in northern Shandong Province,225 samples of maize plots(89 samples in 2015,77 samples in 2016 and 59 samples in 2017)were investigated from 2015 to 2017,involving 31 maize varieties,and among them 9 varieties were dominant.The effects of variety,fertilization,pest control and harvest density on the barren tip length of maize were studied by using correlation analysis method.The results showed that there were significant differences in the average barren tip length of summer maize in different years,the order of index value was2017>2016>2015,and the difference between 2015 and 2016 was not significant,but the difference between them and 2017 reached a significant level.The barren tip length of 9 dominant varieties ranged from 0.86 cm to3.34 cm,and the difference was significant.Among them,Denghai 605 had the longest barren tip length and Xundan 29 had the shortest barren tip length.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was no significant positive correlation between barren tip length and yield,while the barren tip length was significantly negatively correlated with grain number per ear and 1000 grain weight.Except Denghai 618 and Jiyu No.1,the barren tip length of the other summer maize varieties was significantly positively correlated with the nitrogen topdressing rate.The barren tip length of Denghai 605,Delinong No.7,Xianyu 335,Denghai618,Jiyu No.1 and Jundan 29 were significantly positively correlated with sowing date and harvest density.The frequency of diseases,insect pests and weeds control had significant effects on barren tip length.
作者
梁军
陈桂敏
田晓红
许超
韩春娥
王海燕
郭敏
王赞
马文凤
LIANG Jun;CHEN Gui-min;TIAN Xiao-hong;XU Chao;HAN Chun-e;WANG Hai-yan;GUO Min;WANGZan;MA Wen-feng(Leling Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Leling 254600,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2020年第5期38-42,共5页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
关键词
夏玉米
秃尖长度
管理措施
相关分析
Summer maize
Barren tip length
Management measures
Correlation analysis
