摘要
2019年秋季(9—11月)大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈绕极型分布,中高纬度环流呈4波型。随月份增加,欧亚大陆中高纬度环流的经向度不断加大,冷空气势力增强,但仍较历史平均偏弱。西太平洋副热带高压较历史平均偏强,热带气旋活动频繁。我国近海出现了17次8级以上大风过程,其中冷空气大风过程有9次,热带气旋大风过程4次,冷空气与热带气旋共同影响的大风天气过程3次,冷空气和温带气旋共同影响的大风过程1次。西北太平洋和南海共生成16个热带气旋,全球其他海域生成热带气旋27个。我国近海浪高在2 m以上的海浪过程有9次。秋季,我国近海海域海面温度逐月下降,北部海域的降温幅度明显大于南部海域。
The main characteristics of the atmospheric circulation in autumn(from September to November)2019 are as follows.The polar vortex is characterized by a circumpolar type in the Northern Hemisphere and the atmospheric circulation presents a four-wave mode in middle and high latitudes.As time goes by,the meridional gradient of the Eurasian mid-high latitude circulation is increasing,and the cold air is strengthening,but it is still weaker than the historical average.The western Pacific subtropical high is stronger than the historical average and tropical cyclones are frequent.There were 17 gale processes stronger than 8 grade over offshore areas of China,including 9 produced by cold air,4 by tropical cyclones,three by cold air and tropical cyclones,and one by cold air and extratropical cyclones.In western North Pacific and the South China Sea,there were 16 tropical cyclones.In addition,there were 27 tropical cyclones in the world's other oceans.There were 9 rough sea wave processes above two m.In autumn 2019,the sea surface temperature has an overall trend of decrease,while the decrease rate in northern seas is larger than that in southern seas.
作者
胡海川
许映龙
柳龙生
HU Haichuan;XU Yinglong;LIU Longsheng(National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China)
出处
《海洋气象学报》
2020年第1期98-106,共9页
Journal of Marine Meteorology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1501604)。
关键词
大气环流
大风
热带气旋
浪高
海面温度
atmospheric circulation
gale
tropical cyclone
wave height
sea surface temperature
