摘要
土壤肥力对于维持农作物生长和保障土地生产力具有重要意义。为综合考虑土壤肥力评价中的模糊性和随机性,引入云模型对西安市蔬菜区土壤肥力状况进行综合评价,选取pH值、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾为评价指标,运用主成分分析确定权重,利用逆向云、正向云算法获得每个指标的云模型;根据单指标云模型特征值和权重值,结合综合云算法得到土壤肥力综合评价云模型。结果表明:西安市蔬菜区土壤养分总体上属于中等偏高水平,有效磷、速效钾含量偏高,碱解氮含量适中。土壤有机质是土壤肥力的首要限制因素,在实际生产过程中应注意增施有机肥,高磷、高钾地区应限制磷肥、钾肥的使用,按需施用氮肥。科学评价土壤肥力有助于更加准确地掌握土壤特性和养分状况,精准施肥,维持土壤养分平衡,提高土壤质量。
Soil fertility is important significant for maintaining crop growth and ensuring land productivity. In order to consider the fuzziness and randomness comprehensively in the evaluation of soil fertility,the overall condition of soil fertility in Xi＇an vegetable field was evaluated by cloud model. PH value,organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were selected as the evaluation indexes. Weight of index is made by principal component analysis,and the cloud model of single index was obtained by using the inverse cloud and forward cloud algorithm. Based on the eigenvalue and weight values of the cloud model of single-index,the cloud model of soil fertility comprehensive evaluation was obtained by using the integrated cloud algorithm. The results showed that the soil nutrient content was at a better medium level in the vegetable field in Xi＇an,and the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were high and the content of available N was at moderate level. The organic matter was the primary limiting factor for soil fertility. In the actual production process it should be payed attention to increase the organic fertilizer; the vegetable fields with high phosphorus and potassium should limit the use of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. At the same time,nitrogen fertilizer should be applied based on the demand. Scientific evaluation of soil fertility will help to grasp the soil characteristics and nutrient status more accurately,realize the precision fertilization,maintain soil nutrient balance,and improve soil quality.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期183-189,共7页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(10YJA910010)
陕西省农业科技攻关项目(2011K02-11)
西安市科技计划项目(NC1402,NC150201)
西北大学"211工程"研究生自主创新项目(YZZ15013)资助
关键词
土壤肥力
综合评价
云模型
蔬菜区
soil fertility
comprehensive evaluation
cloud model
vegetable field
