1[1]Vickers MD,O'Flaherty D, Szckely SM, et al. Tramadol:Pain relief by an opiod without depression of respiration[J]. Anaesthesology, 1992,47: 291.
2[2]Lehmann KA. Tramadol in acute pain[J]. Drugs, 1997,53,suppl 2:25.
3[3]Ummenhofer W,Frei FJ, Urwyler A,et al. Effect of ondansetron in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children[J]. Anesthesiology, 1994,81: 804.
4[4]Bodner M, White PF. Antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron after outpatient laparoscopy[J]. Ansth Analg, 1991,78:280.
5[5]Fujii Y,Tanaka H,Toyooka H. The effects of dexamethasone on antiemetics in female patients undergoing gynecologic surgery[J]. Anesth analg, 1997,85: 913.
6[6]McKenzie R,Riley TY,Tantisira B,et al. Effect of propofol for induction and ondansetron with or without dexamethasone for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after gynecologic surgery[J]. J Clin Anesth, 1997,9:15.
7[7]Yoshitaka Fujii, Hiroyoshi Tanaka. Hidenori Toyooka The effects ofdexamethasone on antiemetics in female patients umdergoing gynecoligic surgery [J]. Anesth Analg,1997,85:913.
6Ronald, Harter. Postoperative nausea and vomiting prevention and therapy[J]. Curr Opin Anesthesiol, 2000,13 :469
7Kovac AL. Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting[J]. Durgs,2000,59:213
8Wang JJ, Ho ST, Liu YH, et al. Dexamethasone reduces nausea and vomting afer laparoscopic cholecystectomy[J]. Br J Anaesth,1999,88:772
9Henzj I, Walder B, Tramer MR. Dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a quantitative systematic review[J]. Anesth Analg, 2000,90 : 186
10Bunce KJ,Tyers MB. The role of 5-HT3 in postoperative nausea and vomiting[J]. Br J Anaesth, 1992,69 (Suppl1) :60