摘要
"退牧还草"工程对促进退化草地的生态恢复及改善牧民生活水平具有重要意义。本研究采用问卷调查和小型座谈相结合的方法,对藏北羌塘地区6县10乡(镇)的100户牧民进行抽样调查,分析了牧民对"退牧还草"工程的社会认知与政策响应。结果表明,大多数牧民认可并支持"退牧还草"工程,81%的牧民认为工程能有效促进草地恢复;依据草原保护奖励机制(试点)补偿标准,74%的牧民支持长期(10年以上)的生态补偿;考虑生态移民后的生计保障问题,52%的牧民不愿意移民到城镇。因此,有必要及时完善"退牧还草"工程及草原生态保护奖励机制并使其与生态移民工程相结合,以实现西藏羌塘牧区生态、社会与经济的共赢局面。
The implementation of the policy of Returing Grazing Land to Grassland has great importance to the restoration of degraded grasslands and improvement of the livelihoods of herdsmen. Group discussionand questionnaire survey on 100 households from ten townships of the six counties in the Changtang Plat- eau were conducted to investigate their social background, their awareness and reaction to the policy. Most of the local herdsmen understands and supports the policy of Returning Grazing Land to Grasslands. 81 of interviewee considers grazing enclosure as an effective measure to restore degraded grasslands. 74% of interviewee accepts long-term （more than 10 years） eco-compensation as per current compensation stand- ard. 52%of herdsmen worries about their livelihood security after eco-immigration and is reluctant to leave their rangelands for settlements. It is necessary to combine current policies of grassland conservation and rewarding system and eco-immigrant project together to secure win-win among ecological, social and eco- nomic development in the Changtang Plateau.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期788-794,共7页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2011BAC09B03
2013BAC04B01)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB03030401
XDA05060700)
中国博士后面上基金项目(2013M530716)
关键词
生态补偿
生态移民
减畜
草畜平衡
eco-compensation
eco-immigration
livestock reduction
grassland-livestock equilibrium
