摘要
Here discussed is the sensitivity of simulated typhoon track and intensity over the Northwest Pacific Ocean to different cumulus schemes.The results from the 20 typhoon cases during 2003-2008 show that the simulation of typhoon track and intensity are very sensitive to cumulus schemes.The relationship between simulations of typhoon track and cumulus schemes can be case dependent.Different best tracks obtained from different case studies depend on which cumulus scheme we chose.However,simulations of typhoon intensity exhibit different features.The Kain-Fritsch scheme simulation obtains the most intensive typhoon,whereas the Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme and the Grell-Devenyi scheme obtain weaker typhoons.The sensitivity of simulated typhoon track and intensity to different cumulus schemes is due mainly to different hypotheses and precipitation calculations.The difference of simulated large scale circulations using different cumulus schemes leads to the difference of typhoon tracks.The closer the simulations are compared to observations,the less the errors of simulated typhoon tracks.The difference of simulated typhoon intensity is due mainly to the difference of simulated vertical heating of the atmosphere.These lead to different strengths of convection which causes the difference of cumulus precipitation and latent heat.The KF scheme simulation obtains the strongest vertical convection,the obvious warm core structure,more cumulus precipitation,and stronger intensity.By contrast,the BMJ scheme and the GD scheme obtain weaker convection,less cumulus precipitation,and weaker intensity.
Here discussed is the sensitivity of simulated typhoon track and intensity over the Northwest Pacific Ocean to different cumulus schemes.The results from the 20 typhoon cases during 2003-2008 show that the simulation of typhoon track and intensity are very sensitive to cumulus schemes.The relationship between simulations of typhoon track and cumulus schemes can be case dependent.Different best tracks obtained from different case studies depend on which cumulus scheme we chose.However,simulations of typhoon intensity exhibit different features.The Kain-Fritsch scheme simulation obtains the most intensive typhoon,whereas the Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme and the Grell-Devenyi scheme obtain weaker typhoons.The sensitivity of simulated typhoon track and intensity to different cumulus schemes is due mainly to different hypotheses and precipitation calculations.The difference of simulated large scale circulations using different cumulus schemes leads to the difference of typhoon tracks.The closer the simulations are compared to observations,the less the errors of simulated typhoon tracks.The difference of simulated typhoon intensity is due mainly to the difference of simulated vertical heating of the atmosphere.These lead to different strengths of convection which causes the difference of cumulus precipitation and latent heat.The KF scheme simulation obtains the strongest vertical convection,the obvious warm core structure,more cumulus precipitation,and stronger intensity.By contrast,the BMJ scheme and the GD scheme obtain weaker convection,less cumulus precipitation,and weaker intensity.
基金
supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40830955)
National Science and Technology Supporting Program (Grant No.2012BAC22B03)
