摘要
满足一定约束条件、使管网年费用折算值最小化,一直是管网优化模型的基本目标。通过与实际工程的要求对比,发现了现有模型中存在着前提条件和优化目标过于简化的问题,主要有:忽视参数的不确定性,片面追求特定条件下的最优解;对设计目标的多样性考虑不足,过分强调成本最小化;设计时几乎没有考虑到全寿命周期中的管网老化和更新问题;管网改扩建时忽视现状管网形成的约束。另外,还探讨了如何重新理解优化课题,主要分析了成本和收益的多种含义,介绍了可靠性的一些度量指标。指出给水企业追求的主要经济指标是净收益的最大化,而不是成本的最小化。
The minimization of discounted value of annual costs for a water distribution system has been the primary objective of water distribution system＇ s optimization under some constrains. Through the comparison between the optimization models and engineering practice, some over-simplifications of model precondition and optimization objectives were found. The main problems were： one-sided pursuit of the optimal solution under certain given conditions due to the neglect of parameter uncertainty; insufficient consideration of the diversified design objectives and over-emphasis on costs minimization ; design with lit- fie consideration of the ageing and renewal of water distribution system in the whole life cycle ; ignore the constraints of current water distribution system in renovation and expansion. Moreover, the problem of how to understand the optimization in a new point of view was investigated. The multiple definitions of costs and benefits were analyzed. The diversified measurements of reliability were introduced. The main economic indicator that water supply utilities pursue is the maximization of net benefit rather than the min- imization of cost.
出处
《中国给水排水》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第20期43-47,共5页
China Water & Wastewater
关键词
给水管网
优化设计
目标函数
多目标决策
不确定性
water distribution system
optimization design
objective function
multi-objec- tive decision
uncertainty
