摘要
石油进入海水会发生各种物理、化学变化 ,以往的研究已证明光化学氧化在石油及其精炼产品风化过程中具有重要意义。光化学氧化机理主要在于接受日光照射的能量 ,以不同的方式与溶解氧结合 ,从而最终降解石油烃。生成的光氧化产物一般为羧酸、醇、醚、羰基化合物等几类 ,还有一些产物尚不能确定其结构。光氧化产物仍然存在毒性 ,对海洋生物等十分有害。在动力学方面 ,针对其某一组分已证实为一级反应动力学行为 ,并定量地得出了速率常数。光降解速率会受到光照条件、溶解氧、金属离子等因素的影响。目前的研究表明 ,对石油光化学进行深入探讨具有较高的研究价值和现实意义。
When oil is released into seawater, immediate changes in its physical and chemical properties occur. Previous studies have demonstrated that photo oxidation processes may play an important role in the weathering of oil and refined petroleum products. The main mechanism of photochemical oxidation includes receiving sunlight energy, combining dissolved oxygen in different manner, and then degrading oil hydrocarbons. Photo oxidation products are usually carboxylic acids, alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds and so on. The structures of other products have not been determined as yet. Some oxidation products still have phototoxicity for marine organisms. It has been shown that the photochemical reactions of some constituents of oil have the first order kinetic behavior, and their rate constants have been calculated. Photodegradation rate can be influenced by factors such as sunlight, dissolved oxygen, metal ions, etc. Further investigations will be necessary in order to understand more fully the important effects of these factors on the patterns of the removal of marine oil pollution.
出处
《黄渤海海洋》
CSCD
2000年第2期83-89,共7页
Journal of Oceanography of Huanghai & Bohai Seas
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目!( 4970 60 70 )
山东省自然科学基金资助项目!(Q97E0 4 1 4 5)
关键词
石油污染
光氧化机理
光化学
降解
海洋污染
oil pollution
photochemistry
photooxidation mechanism
phtodegradation products
