摘要
［目的］ 探讨空气污染对居民健康的影响。［方法］ １９８３～１９９７ 年对承德市居民肺功能和呼吸系统疾病患病率进行现况和前瞻性研究，应用个体接触量评价污染负荷。结合毒理学实验探讨空气污染的健康影响。通过死亡分析和卫生经济效益评估， 论证了集中供热和改善环境带来的各方面效益。［结果］ 集中供热后承德市空气质量明显改善， 呼吸系统疾病死亡率从１９８５ 年的８１．０７／１０万降至１９９７年的２３．７２／１０万， 人均寿命提高２．３岁。年综合经济效益５ ４０８．４ 万元。［结论］ 燃煤可造成明显的健康危害， 集中供热对治理空气污染。
Objective]To study the effects of air pollution on human health [Methods]Cross sectional study and prospective cohort study were carried out on human pulmonary function and the prevalance of respiratory diseases in Chengde during 1983~1997 Load capacity of air pollution was assessed by personal exposure levels of air pollutants The health effects induced by air pollution were also explored by toxicologic experiments The benefits of environment quality improvement induced by centralized heating were demonstrated by the methods of mortality analysis and hygienic economic benefit assessement [Results]After centralized heating in Chengde,air qualities had been significantly improved,the mortality rate of respiratory diseases decreased from 810 7/million in 1985 to 237 2/million in 1997,the average life span increased 2 3 years old,the annual comprehensive economic benefit reached to 54 084 million yuan [Conclusion]Coal burning could result in significant health damage Centralized heating presented obvious economic benefits on controlling air pollution,saving on energy and health improvement
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第1期9-12,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
河北省医学科研基金!资助项目(88027)
关键词
空气污染
流行病学
人体健康
Air pollution
Environmental intervention
Health effect
