摘要
休谟首先对归纳法的合理性提出质疑,并给以否定性的结论。在康德看来,休谟问题的产生是传统哲学自身的缺陷所致,即让人的理智符合经验。康德则把这个次序颠倒过来,让经验符合理智,是理智把因果必然性加到前后相继的两类经验事件之中。这样的因果性属于康德的先验范畴。康德自认为他的先验哲学已经对休谟问题给以完满的解决,然而,许多学者认为,情况并非如此。本文进而把"随机性"和"统计性"作为先验范畴,同因果性构成一组。同时提出两条范导原则即"普遍因果性原则"和"普遍随机性原则",并为之进行辩护,以此作为关于休谟问题的康德方案的改进。
Hume is the first person who queried the rationality of induction and arrived at a negative conclusion. According to Kant,that Hume＇s problem comes into being stems from a flaw of the traditional philosophy itself,namely that human＇s reason is required to correspond to experience. Thus,Kant reversed this order i.e. required experience to correspond to reason,and he claimed that it is reason that imparted causal necessity to the experiential events in succession. Such causality belongs to Kant＇s a priori categories. Kant himself considered his transcendental philosophy to be offering a satisfactory solution to Hume＇s problem. However,many scholars thought that that was not the case. As a result,this paper takes ＂randomness＂ and ＂statisticality＂ as a priori categories,making them form a set of a priori categories with causality,and,at the same time,puts forward two regulative principles,namely ＂principle of universal causality＂ and ＂principle of universal randomness＂ ,and provides justification for them,so as to improve Kant＇s solution to Hume＇s problem.
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期1-6,共6页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
基金
广东省高校人文社科重点研究基地重大项目资助(08JDXM72001)
广东省社会科学"十一五"规划项目(09C-01)
关键词
归纳
休谟问题
康德
先验范畴
范导原则
induction
Hume＇s problem
Kant
a priori category
regulative principle
