摘要
以５个超甜玉米自交系和４个普通玉米自交系为亲本，ＮＣⅡ设计采用三倍体胚乳遗传模型，分析ｓｈ２基因及微效多基因对玉米种子发芽性状的遗传效应。结果表明：发芽势的遗传以直接显性效应。细胞质效应及母体加性效应的控制为主；发芽率以直接显性效应、母体效应为主；粒重以直接加性效应、细胞质效应及母体显性效应为主；α－淀粉酶活力，主要受直接显性效应、细胞质效应、母体显性效应控制。对各性状的遗传率分析表明，发芽势的遗传率由直接遗传率、细胞遗传率、母体遗传率组成，总遗传率为７８．４％。发芽率和α－淀粉酶活力的遗传率以直接遗传率和母体遗传率为主，分别达７３．５％和９５．７％。粒重遗传率由直接遗传率、母体遗传率和细胞质遗传率三者组成，高达９４．２％。细胞质效应只在发芽前期５天内有作用。超甜玉米种子发芽性状属于具有主基因效应的数量—质量性状，它们受到主基因和微效多基因的共同控制。本研究表明，利用超甜玉米中存在的微效多基因，可以克服ｓｈ２基因对玉米发芽性状的负效应。
Data of seed germinative traits between five supersweet (sh2)corn lines and four normal corn lines were collected following a NCⅡ design.Genetic analysis for germinative traits such as germinative viability,germinative rate,kernel weight and activity of ɑamylase in supersweet corn was conducted with genetic model for triploid endosperm.It was shown by the estimate of genetic variance components that germinating viability was mainly controlled by direct dominant effect,cytoplasmic effect,and maternal additive effect.Germinating rate was significantly affected by direct dominant effect and maternal effect.The genetic effects for kernel weight were mainly contributed by direct additive effect,cytoplasmic effect and maternal dominant effect.The activity of ɑamylase during germination was mainly controlled by direct dominant effect,cytoplasmic effect and maternal dominant effect.Analysis of heritability showed that direct heritability,maternal heritability and cytoplasmic heritability were all significant for germinative viability and kernel weight.Whereas only direct heritability and maternal heritability were significant for the other two traits.Results also indicated that germinative traits of supersweet (sh2)corn belonged to quantitativequalitative traits and were controlled by both major and polygenes.The utilization of polygenes would overcome the deleterious effect of sh2 gene for these germinative traits.
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
1998年第3期113-117,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
国家教委(现为教育部)<跨世纪优秀人才专项基金>资助
关键词
玉米
超甜玉米
发芽性状
母体效应
细胞质效应
supersweet corn
germinative trait
maternal effect
cytoplasmic effect
major gene effect
triploid endosperm model
