公共政策研究的新进展被引量：25

Recent Developments in Policy Studies

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摘要近年来,公共政策研究正变得越来越多样化,出现了大量方法和理论,也表现为这些研究分散在各种特定领域的政策中。国家概念是政策理论的中心,但要将国家理论应用于政策研究却不容易“。阶段”方法是政策研究中长期以来占主导地位的研究方法之一,但它只是一种初级方法。新制度主义方法将政策制定过程推向了一种重要的比较分析方式,为解释政策的异同提供了制度解释维度,但它太笼统,考虑范围过于宽泛。而新制度主义者经常选择特定政策领域或部门进行分析,这是一个重要进展,因为政策制定是在特定部门或领域中进行的,仅仅集中关注国家及其行政、立法、司法机构是不够的。政策网络方法体现了研究者对于政策制定中国家与社会组织之间更普遍、更早的兴趣,但它除了描述外并不能帮助我们在理论发展中走得更远。理性方法是一个很有用的方法,当然它不能把理性选择作为对决策的惟一解释。在合作模式中,国家及其各个层次不再被看作合作的惟一机制,它表明市场和网络作为合作的另一种机制或原则正越来越受到重视。而时下十分流行的治理理论并没有形成真正行之有效的手段和方法,它可能仅仅是一个时髦词汇。如果把治理的要点放在使国家、市民社会、市场、网络这些不同工具和机制的互相协作上,治理就会成为一个有创造性的和深刻的分析方法。 The field of public policy studies has become extremely diverse in recent years, with a variety of general approaches and theories and with a fragmentation of research into specific fields of policy. The concept of the state is at the centre of theories of policy process, but it is not quite easy to apply the approach into research. One of the most prominent approaches is stage approach, but it is a preliminary way. The institution approach opens up the policy-making process to important comparative analysis and provides institutional factors to explain policy differences and similarities, but it is too diffuse and wide. However, those who use new institutional analysis often concentrate on particular policy field or sector, which is important for the development of policy study. The policy network approach shows researchers' more interests in the relationship between the state and societal organizations during the process of policy-making, but they might not get us much further in the development of theory except description. Rationality approach is useful, but rational choice is not the whole explanation for decisions. In the mode of coordination, the coordination between the state and its hierarchies is not the only mechanism; the coordination between market and networks is another mechanism or principle which attracts more attention. Although prevalent ideas on governance approaches have not become effective methods, governance can be an innovative analysis approach if governance emphasizes on the collaborative arrangements between different instruments and mechanisms of the state and civil society, markets and networks.

作者查尔斯·蓝伯郁建兴（译）徐越倩（译）

机构地区英国爱丁堡大学社会与政治学院不详

出处《公共管理学报》 2006年第2期60-69,共10页 Journal of Public Management

关键词地方政府改革治理结构多元化 Public Policy Study Theory Approach Criticize

分类号 D035 [政治法律—政治学]

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