摘要
端粒是构成真核生物线状染色体末端重要的 DNA—蛋白质复合结构,DNA 由简单的串联重复序列组成.它的合成由一个特殊的具有反转录活性的核糖核蛋白端粒酶完成.端粒对染色体、整个生物基因组,甚至对细胞的稳定都具有重要意义.端粒酶是由 RNA 模板和蛋白亚基组成的核蛋白颗粒.它解决染色体的末端问题,归属于逆转录酶家族又和逆转录酶有一定的差别.端粒酶的过度表达和细胞的永生化和癌变直接相关.端粒酶的结构和功能决定了它在肿瘤与癌症治疗等方面具有广泛的应用前景.
Telomere is an important DNA-protein structure.It caps the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes.Telomeric DNA consists of tandemly repeated simple sequences.Telomere is synthesized with the action of telomerase,a ribonucleoprotein with reverse transcriptase activity.Telomere plays an important role in maintaining the stability of intact chromosome,genome and cell.Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein responsible in most eukaryotes for replication of the end of chromosomes.Its RNA subunit acts as a template for the systhesis of telomeric DNA,while a protein component catalyzes this process to make up for convertional DNA polymerases’ inability to replicate completely the end linear DNA.It belongs to the reverase transcriptase family but differs from reverse transcriptase.The overexprossion of telomerase has close relationship with cell’s immortalization and tumorigenesis.The structure and function of telomerase suggest its extensive application in the near future.
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第1期98-105,共8页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
农业部"948"项目(2001-207)
江苏省"十五"攻关项目(Q200126)
关键词
端粒
端粒酶
结构与功能
细胞永生化
癌症治疗
telomere
telomerase
structure and function
cell immortalization
tumor treatment
